What is skin cancer?
Skin cancer is formed when cells of the skin grow in an out of control manner, usually seen when there is intense exposure of the skin to the sun. However, skin cancer can also be found on the areas which have not been exposed to the sun. The most promising way to ensure your skin is protected from skin cancer is to make sure that sun exposure is limited. In the event that you notice anything unusual on your skin, immediate consultation with a doctor is a must. The sooner skin cancer is detected the better are its chances of complete cure.
Who is at risk of skin cancer?
Few common factors which could increase your risk of skin cancer are:
- UV light: Tanning beds or excess exposure can cause UV light exposure. The issue is intense in areas which are at high altitude or closer to the equator.
- Immune system: Compromised immune system can also heighten the risk of cancer.
- Harmful rays or chemicals: Exposure to harmful radiations or chemicals.
- Sexually transmitted diseases.
- History: People with history of skin cancer can develop it the second time.
- Age: Older patients have a higher risk.
What are the types of Skin Cancer?
Not all lesions may be skin cancer, but it is important to get it checked immediately:
- Actinic keratosis: These are usually not cancerous but if left without any treatment, the patchy skin might turn malignant.
- Basal cell carcinoma: This type of cancer is usually seen in the head or neck area, and it the most widely seen skin cancer accounting to around 90% of skin cancers.
- Squamous cell carcinoma: Red flaky lesions on the skin which are more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma. It is usually found on the upper layer of the skin.
- Melanoma: This is the most aggressive and deadly kind of skin cancer even though it is less common. These are formed in the cells which give color to the skin.
How is skin cancer diagnosed?
Skin cancer can be detected by:
- Examining skin.
- Biopsy: Removing a sample of the skin which is suspicious looking for further evaluation.
How is skin cancer treated?
Based on the spread of the cancer and type, treatment plan could include:
- Surgery.
- Radiotherapy.
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy.
- Immunotherapy.
- Targeted Therapy.
What are the symptoms of Skin Cancer?
Different types of skin cancer have different symptoms , but being aware of any differences in skin and getting it treated right away is important. Few signs of skin cancer include:
- Unusual growth: Eruption of new mole, dark spot, irregular growth of a mole.
- Asymmetry: Both sides of mole are uneven or un-identical.
- Border: Irregular border.
- Color: Difference in the color of the mole.
- Diameter: If the mole or spot is larger than one fourth of an inch.
- Growing: Rapid growth in the size of the mole.