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What is brain cancer?

Brain Cancer is a condition in which the cells in the brain overgrow and form masses also called as tumors. Cancerous brain masses or tumors can grow in an exponential speed depending on the type of mass. These masses can disrupt the normal functionality of the body.

Are Brain Cancer symptoms evident?

The early stages of brain cancer might not evidently showcase any symptoms. However in the event that symptoms do show up, it could be due to one of the below reasons:

  • Symptoms caused when the tumor presses onto certain parts of the brain which in turn influences the normal functionality of the body.
  • Symptoms due to swelling in the brain, caused by tumor inflammation.

What are the symptoms of Brain Cancer?

Commonly seen warning signs are:

  • Persistent headaches which tend to begin in the mornings.
  • Muscle weakness, predominantly seen in one of the side of the body.
  • Static pins & needles sensation along with reduced sense of touch.
  • Imbalance, coordination error.
  • Sudden weakness in arms/legs.
  • Seizures.
  • Early morning nausea with hints of vertigo.
  • Difficulty in speech.

What are the types of Brain Tumor?

Depending on the type of cells involved in the formation of tumor, various kinds of brain tumors exist:

  • Gliomas: These tumors conceptualise and are formed in the brain and spinal cord. Few other similar tumors are astrocytomas, ependymomas, glioblastomas, oligoastrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.
  • Meningiomas: This kind of tumors forms from the membranes that encapsulate the brain and spinal cord. In majority of the cases, these tumors are benign.
  • Acoustic neuromas (schwannomas): Tumors are formed on the nerves which handle the balance and hearing between the inner ear and the brain.
  • Pituitary adenomas: These tumors are formed on the pituitary gland and affect the hormonal capacity of the pituitary. However, these tumors are mostly benign.
  • Medulloblastomas: One of the most common kinds of cancerous tumors seen majorly in children when compared to adults. These tumors tend to start in the brain’s lower back part and spreads gradually to the spinal cord.
  • Craniopharyngiomas: These tumors are significantly rare which start close to the pituitary gland and can affect the other areas of the brain as well.

How is Brain Cancer detected?

In case any symptoms do show up of a brain tumor, further imaging and diagnostic tests can help determine the type of tumor. Tests such as

  • Neurological exam.
  • CT or MRI to know the position of the tumor.
  • A lumbar puncture, a procedure in which spinal fluid is collected to check for cancerous cells.
  • Brain Biopsy.

How is Brain Cancer Treated?

Depending on the stage, type, size and location of the tumor, the treatment plan for brain cancer could include:

  • Biologic Drugs.
  • Chemotherapy.
  • Radiation Therapy.
  • Neurosurgery.
  • Targeted therapy.

Who are at a higher risk of developing Brain Cancer?

There is no conclusive reason as to what causes brain cancer. Nevertheless, certain risk factors could include:

  • Age: The frequency of brain cancer is seen to be higher in individuals older than 65 yrs.
  • Immune System: A weakened or susceptible immune system creates an increased risk of brain cancer.
  • Chemical Exposure: Being exposed to certain hazardous chemical or substances can substantially increase the risk of a brain cancer.
  • Radiation Treatment: Radiation therapy taken in the past can increase the risk of developing brain cancer.