What is ovarian cancer?
Ovarian cancer is a sort of malignant growth that starts in the ovaries. The female reproductive framework contains two ovaries, one on each side of the uterus. The ovaries, each about the size of an almond, produce eggs (ova) along with the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Ovarian cancer usually goes undetected until it has spread inside the pelvis and abdomen. At this late stage, ovarian malignant growth is more hard to treat. The early stages of ovarian malignancy, in which the cancer is limited to the ovary, can be dealt with more effectively.
Why ovarian malignancy develops isn't clear, however there are some risk factors which increases the chance of developing the cancer. They include:
Family ancestry
Ovarian cancer can run in families. Your ovarian cancer risk is increased if your mother, sister, or daughter has or had ovarian cancer. The more relatives you have with ovarian cancer, your risk of developing the cancer is more. Increased risk for ovarian cancer can also come from your father's side.
Age
The risk of developing ovarian cancer increases with age. Ovarian cancer is rare in women younger than 30. Majority of the ovarian cancers are found in women 50 years of age or older.
Conceptive history
Having had at least one full term pregnancies is related with a lower risk of developing ovarian cancer. The more pregnancies a lady has, the lower the risk is by all accounts. Breastfeeding may likewise bring down the risk.
Breast cancer
Individuals with a history of breast cancer may have a higher possibility of developing ovarian cancer. This might be because of changes in the BRCA genes.
Hormone treatment
Women who have received hormone replacement treatment (HRT) after menopause seemsto have increased risk of developing ovarian malignancy.
Types of ovarian malignancy:
Epithelial carcinoma of the ovary
Epithelial cell carcinoma is the most widely recognized type of ovarian cancer. It makes up 85 to 89 percent of ovarian cancer.
Germ cell tumor of the ovary
"Germ cell cancer of the ovary" is a name that portrays a few distinct types of disease. These malignancies begin in the egg producing cells.They are typically seen in young women and are generally common in ladies in their 20s.
Stromal tumor of the ovary
Stromal cell malignant growths begin from the cells of the ovaries. A portion of these cells additionally produce ovarian chemicals including estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone.
What are the symptoms of ovarian cancer?
The early symptoms include:
- Abdominal swelling, pressure, and pain.
- Abnormal bloating after eating Feeling full.
- Difficulty eating.
- An increment in urination.
- An increased desire to pee.
Ovarian cancer can also cause symptoms like
- Fatigue.
- Indigestion.
- Heartburn.
- Constipation.
- Weight loss.
- Loss of appetite.
- Breathing difficulty, cough
The phase of ovarian malignant growth is dictated by three elements:
- The tumor's size
- Whether or not the tumor has attacked tissues into the ovary or close by tissues
- Whether or not the disease has spread to different territories of the body.
When these variables are known, malignant growth of the ovary is arranged by the accompanying standards:
- Stage 1 malignancy is bound to one or the two ovaries.
- Stage 2 malignancy is bound to the pelvis.
- Stage 3 malignancy has spread into the mid-region.
- Stage 4 disease has spread outside of the mid-region or into other strong organs.